What Are Closing Costs To You?

what are closing costs

Closing costs are a routine part of the home-buying process, yet they often catch borrowers off guard. These costs, typically ranging from 2% to 5% of the home's purchase price, include fees for services required to finalize a home purchase. In this article, we’ll break down the components of closing costs, how they are calculated, who pays them, and how to manage them effectively.

What Are Closing Costs?

Closing costs are fees paid at the end of the home-buying transaction. Both buyers and sellers are responsible for specific costs, which vary depending on the property, state laws, and lender requirements.

Common closing costs include:

- Prepaid costs: Property taxes, homeowners insurance, and HOA dues.

- Appraisal fees: Unbiased property valuation, usually costing $300–$500.

- Title services: Fees for title search, insurance, and deed recording.

- Miscellaneous fees: Escrow account setup, underwriting, and courier services.

While buyers typically bear most closing costs, sellers often pay real estate agent commissions and title transfer fees. Sometimes, buyers may negotiate for the seller to cover part of their closing costs; this is common in a buyer’s market or when seller concessions are offered.

Can Closing Costs Be Rolled Into a Mortgage?

Yes, depending on the lender and loan type, closing costs can sometimes be rolled into a mortgage. This option increases monthly mortgage payments but reduces the upfront cash needed at closing. However, it's essential to calculate the long-term impact on your budget and home-buying power.

Many borrowers are surprised by unexpected costs during the closing process. These can include:

- Home inspections: Not always included in standard appraisals but vital for identifying property issues.

- Flood certification: Determines if the property is in a flood zone and requires special insurance.

- Loan origination fees: Charged by lenders for processing the mortgage application.

Using a mortgage document organizer can help you keep track of all required documents and fees, ensuring you’re fully prepared.

Tips for Negotiating Closing Costs

Compare lenders and service providers to find competitive appraisals, inspections, and title service rates. Request some seller concessions, especially in a buyer's market. Some lenders offer discounts if you use their preferred service providers for title, escrow, or insurance.


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